Description: Prevent black and mushy roots by improving drainage, using fungicides, and adjusting watering practices. Causes: Black and mushy roots are typically due to root rot and fungal infections from excessive moisture. Solutions: Improve drainage: Ensure proper drainage to prevent waterlogged soil and root rot. Apply fungicides: Use appropriate fungicides to treat fungal infections, following the product instructions carefully. Adjust watering practices: Avoid overwatering and allow the soil to dry between waterings. Monitor and care: Regularly assess the roots for any signs of black and mushy appearance and adjust care accordingly.